Week9: Disintegration Mac OS

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Compiling in Mac OSX Note: This has only been tested on OSX 10.10.0, 10.10.5, and 10.12.6 Compiling on Mac OS X is very similar to compiling on Linux, but this section is meant to clear up ambiguity which may cause problems. Mac OS Creation/ distribution Mac distribution iTMS Storefront interface Mac/ creation USB Connectivity iPod OS creation iPod distribution iTunes for iPod iPod creation FairPlay DRM Online product Portable product The iPod is the centerpiece of the iTMS strategy. In 2004, the iPod had 92% of the high-capacity device market. ITunes is free iTMS.

Open Access Dissertations

Date of Award

1989

Degree Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Department

Interdepartmental Program

First Advisor

Christopher T. Rhodes

Abstract

Talc is extensively used in a wide variety of cosmetic products, particularly in powder products. Talc keeps the skin feeling smooth and dry. Talc in the pharmaceutical industry is used as a glidant and lubricant. Glidants such as talc improve flow properties of powder by decreasing interparticulate friction, by decreasing van der Waals forces and electrostatic charges, by changing particle size distribution, and by decreasing the effect of humidity on surfaces of host particles by forming a mechanical barrier. The loosely bound lattice layers slide over each other and form roller structures which explains its lubrication characteristics. Talc has less deleterious effect compared to magnesium stearate on tablet in vitro properties.

Talcs from different size grades were evaluated for their use in direct compression tablet formulations. Lubricant efficiencies of talcs were measured using ejection force values. The Supra grade of the Cyprus Industrial Mineral company talc was found to be most efficient of the grades tested as lubricant and also gave tablets of more acceptable in vitro properties than tablets lubricated with magnesium stearate only.

Additionally talcs in substantial percentages were evaluated for their potential as a direct compression matrix material. With commonly used excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose and lactose, the formulations were self lubricating and the tablets ejected easily. Tablets with very low friability, high crushing strength, rapid dissolution rates, good weight uniformity, content uniformity and potency of drugs were obtained. At similar compression forces, tablet hardness with the 300 grade of Alabama, Altac, and Beaverwhite talcs were significantly greater than corresponding 400 and 500 grades.

An optimum direct compression tablet formulation of a conventional theophylline tablet was achieved using the technique of response surface methodology and successive quadratic programming (SQP). The response surfaces were obtained from a second order uniform precision hexagonal design. The tablet formulation was optimized for mean in vitro dissolution time using friability, hardness, ejection force and disintegration time as constraints within the experimental region by the SQP algorithm. The response surface model was validated by preparing and evaluating the predicted formulation. The characteristics of the tablet formulation were analyzed by principal component analysis. Sensitivity analysis of optimal solution was performed for each constraint, while all remaining constraints were held constant. The robustness of the response surface model was evaluated by simulation for error in the compression force values due to its inherent variation. Although pharmaceutical scientists have previously reported optimization studies, the approach used in this thesis has significant advantages and have not apparently been previously used or the optimization of pharmaceutical formulation.

A completely novel use for talc as a major matrix component in direct compression tablet formulation, has been proposed and examined. A robust and efficient response surface experimental design and mathematical optimization technique has been evaluated for application to the pharmaceutical sciences. The computer search method has the disadvantage of frequently giving a plural solution for suitable formulations. With the classical Lagrangian method, it can become difficult to solve the resultant set of simultaneous equations especially for nonlinear problems. The SQP method is more efficient and robust compared to previously published optimization techniques including SUMT (Successive Unconstrained Minimization Technique). The SQP method can also be used to obtain solution to the problems solved by the previously mentioned optimization methods.

Recommended Citation

Dawoodbhai, Shabbir S., 'OPTIMIZATION AND USE OF TALC IN DIRECT COMPRESSION TABLET FORMULATIONS' (1989). Open Access Dissertations. Paper 341.
https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/341

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NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.

Documentation in Progress

Check back soon for more updates.

Package Manager¶

If you are using macOS as your primary development environment, I recommend using a package manager like homebrew.

Week 9 Disintegration Mac Os X

A package manager is a tool that automates the process of installing, updating, configuring, and removing computer programs. Package managers are commonly used on Unix and Linux distributions. Debian Linux systems, like Ubuntu, use aptitude. Red Hat and Fedora systems use yum. MacPorts and homebrew are two popular package managers for macOS. Chocolatey is a popular package manager for Windows.

You can install Homebrew on your system by executing the following command in your terminal.

Week 9 Disintegration Mac Os Sierra

I also recommend using Homebrew Cask to install graphical applications like Atom and Google Chrome.

After you have installed Homebrew, update your package index.

Finally, install the following packages required for this course.

Optionally, you can install the following packages using Homebrew Cask.

JDK¶

Spark and Hadoop use version 8 of the Java Development Kit (JDK 8). Download the latest version from Oracle and install on your local machine. Once completed, edit your shell profile – $HOME/.bash_profile if you are using Bash or $HOME/.zshrc if you are using Zsh – and add the following.

TensorFlow¶

Note

Week 9 Disintegration Mac Os Download

There is no GPU support for macOS

Week9: Disintegration Mac OS